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Choosing plants
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Click to enlarge
Photo: Emily Coffey |
Hummingbirds will feed from a wide variety of nectar-producing flowers.
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Leaving on the spent heads of wildflowers such as joe-pye weed, purple cone flower, black-eyed susans, ironweed, cosmos and coreopsis will provide a source of seeds for other birds such as finches in the Autumn and Winter.
Plants for butterflies
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Native Plants for
Butterflies
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COMMON
NAME
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SCIENTIFIC NAME
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Ashes
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Fraxinus spp.
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Aster, panicled
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Aster lanceolatus
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Aster, New England
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Aster novae-angliae
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Aster, Purple-stemmed
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Aster puniceus
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Aster, Ciliolate
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Aster ciliolatus
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Aster, Large-leafed
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Aster macrophyllus
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Aster, Heart-leaved
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Aster cordifolius
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Basswood, American Linden
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Tilia americana
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Bee-balm
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Monarda didyma
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Bindweed, Hedge
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Convolvulus sepium
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Black-eyed Susan
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Rudbeckia hirta
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Blazing-star
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Liatris ligulistylis
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Bergamots, wild
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Monarda spp.
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Buckeye, Ohio
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Aesculus glabra
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Butterflyweed
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Asclepias tuberosa
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Cinquefoil, Shrubby
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Potentilla paradoxa
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Chokecherry
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Prunus maackii
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Coneflower, Purple
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Echinacea purpurea
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Coreopsis, Lance-leaf
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Coreopsis lanceolata
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Elderberries
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Sambucus spp.
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Dogbane, Spreading
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Apocynum
androsaemifolium
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Dogwoods
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Cornus spp.
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Fleabane
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Erigeron spp.
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Field Pussytoes
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Antennaria neglecta
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Fireweed
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Epilobium angustifolium
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Gayfeathers
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Latris spp.
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Geranium, wild
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Geranium spp.
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Giant Hyssops
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Agastache spp.
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Goldenrods
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Solidago spp.
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Hawkweeds
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Hieracium spp.
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Honeysuckles
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Lonicera spp.
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Indian blanket
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Gaillardia pulchella
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Knapweed, American
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Centaurea americana
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Knotweeds
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Polygonum spp.
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Lead Plant
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Amorpha canescens
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Meadowsweet
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Spiraea latifolia
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Milk-vetch
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Astragalus canadensis
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Milkweed, common
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Asclepias syriaca
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Mints
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Mentha spp.
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Nannyberry
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Viburnum lentago
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New Jersey Tea
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Ceanothus americanus
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Ninebark
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Physocarpus opulifolius
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Pearly Everlasting
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Anaphalis margaritacea
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Phlox
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Phlox spp.
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Pinks
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Dianthus spp.
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Puccoon, hoary
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Lithospermum canescens
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Poplars
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Populus spp.
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Pussy Willow
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Salix discolor (male
plants)
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Ragworts
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Senecio spp.
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Sumac, fragrant
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Rhus aromatica
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Sumac, smooth
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Rhus glabra
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Sumac, staghorn
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Rhus typhina
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Strawberry, common
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Fragaria virginiana
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Sunflowers
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Helianthus spp.
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Touch-me-not
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Impatiens capensis
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Vervain, blue
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Verbena hastata
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Vetch, purple
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Vicia americana
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Vetchling
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Lathyrus palustris
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Violets
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Viola spp.
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White snakeroot
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Eupatorium rugosum
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Wolfberry
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Symphoricarpos
occidentalis
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Yarrow, common
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Achillea
millefolium
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Native and Cultivated Plants for
Butterflies
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COMMON
NAME
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SCIENTIFIC NAME
|
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Elderberries
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Sambucus spp.
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Giant Hyssops
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Agastache spp.
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Honeysuckles
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Lonicera spp.
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Mints
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Mentha spp.
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Phlox
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Phlox spp.
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Pinks
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Dianthus spp.
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Vetch, purple
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Vicia americana
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Violets
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Viola
spp.
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Introduced Plants for
Butterflies
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COMMON
NAME
|
SCIENTIFIC NAME
|
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Alyssum, Hoary
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Berteroa incana
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Bindweed, Field
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Convolvulus arvensis
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Catnip
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Nepeta cataria
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Chicory
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Cichorium intybus
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Clover, White Sweet
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Melilotus alba
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Clover, Red
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Trifolium pratense
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Clover, White
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Trifolium repens
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Heal-all
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Prunella vulgaris
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Hollyhock
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Althaea rosea
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Knapweed
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Centaurea spp
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Morning Glory, common
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Ipomoea purpurea
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Ox-eye daisy
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Chrysanthemum
leucanthemum
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Queen Anne's Lace
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Daucus
carota
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Cultivated Plants for
Butterflies
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COMMON
NAME
|
SCIENTIFIC NAME
|
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Alfalfa, Lucerne
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Medicago sativa
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Alyssum
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Alyssum maritimum
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Bachelor’s Buttons,
Cornflower
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Centaurea cyanus
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Butterfly Bush
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Buddleia davidii
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Cosmos
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Cosmos bipinnatus
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Day-lily
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Hemerocallis fulva
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Dill
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Anethum graveolans
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Hollyhock
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Althaea rosea
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Forget-me-not
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Myosotis scorpioides
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Garlic Chives
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Allium tuberosum
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Lavender, English
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Lavendula vera (L.
Angustifolia)
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Lilac, common
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Syringa vulgaris
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Lupine
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Lupinus perennis
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Marigold, French
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Tagetes patula
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Mock-oranges
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Philadelphus spp.
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Nasturtium
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Tropaeolum majus
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Nasturtium, Trailing
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Tropaeolum lobbianum
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Parsley
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Petroselinum crispum
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Pea, Everlasting
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Lathyrus latifolius
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Pea, Sweet
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Lathyrus odoratus
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Sages
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Salvia spp.
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Sweet William
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Dianthus barbatus
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Vetch, crown
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Coronilla varia
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Zinnias
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Zinnia
spp.
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Grow plants for caterpillars as well as for butterflies!
Plants for caterpillars
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Plants for
Caterpillars
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COMMON
NAME
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SCIENTIFIC NAME
|
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Native
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Ashes
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Fraxinus
spp.
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Native
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Birches
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Betula spp.
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Cultivated
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Borage
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Borago
officinalis
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Native
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Chokecherry
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Prunus
Maackii
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Cultivated
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Dill
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Anethum graveolans
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Cultivated
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Lilac, common
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Syringa
vulgaris
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Native
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Milkweed,
common
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Asclepias
syriaca
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Native
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Oaks
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Quercus
spp.
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Cultivated
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Parsley
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Petroselinum crispum
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Introduced
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Queen Anne's
Lace
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Daucus
carota
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Native
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Rue, Early
Meadow
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Thalictrum
dioicum
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Native
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Rue, Purple
Meadow
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Thalictrum
dasycarpum
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Plants for hummingbirds
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Native Plants for
Hummingbirds
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COMMON
NAME
|
SCIENTIFIC NAME
|
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Beard-tongues
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Penstemon
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Bee-balm
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Monarda
didyma
|
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Cardinal
flower
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Lobelia
cardinalis
|
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Columbine,
wild
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Aquilegia
canadensis
|
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Honeysuckles
|
Lonicera
spp.
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Jewelweed
|
Impatiens
capensis
|
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Lady’s Slipper,
Yellow
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Cypripedium
calceolus
|
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Peas,
sweet
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Lathyrus
odoratus
|
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Phloxes
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Phlox
spp.
|
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Sage,
Lyre-leafed
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Salvia
lyrata
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Touch-me-not,
spotted
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Impatiens
capensis
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Trumpet creeper
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Campsis
radicans
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Native species
There are many native and naturalized or introduced
butterfly- and hummingbird-useful species of flowering plants to choose
from. Whereas some naturalized or introduced flowering plants are
excellent choices for attracting insects and birds, others are
problematic. Purple loosestrife is a good example of an introduced
flowering species that is undesirable because it is extremely invasive and
chokes out other plants from existing habitat. Make sure that the plants
you choose are non-invasive.
CHECK
LIST
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- what types of soil and sunlight exposure plants
prefer
- how tall they grow and how much they
spread
- when they bloom
- what insects, caterpillars, and birds they will
attract
- whether they are invasive, poisonous or
thorny
- what plants produce flowers, berries and seeds for
birds
- how to make your gardens additionally useful to wildlife
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