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WETLAND PLANTS
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This form is also available here in printable format Native plant species
for wetlands and adjacent habitats
This is a partial list of plant species native to
Ontario for wetlands and adjacent habitats. Our
Sharing webpage provides people across Canada with the
opportunity to share their lists of local plants with others. Please send us
your list of native wetland plants local to your area to help us create a
separate list for each province and territory. When planning your
wetland habitats Do not remove plants from the wild. Do not plant
invasive, non-native wetland plants because introduced plants can cause serious
problems when they escape to the wild. They can hybridize with native plants,
take over natural areas and eliminate native species, reduce habitat for
wildlife, and introduce pathogens to native plant communities. Floating plants
COMMON
NAME SCIENTIFIC
NAME Duckweeds Lemna minor; Lemna trisula; Spirodela
polyrhiza Bladderwort Utricularia vulgaris Bulrush Scirpus validus Canada waterweed Anacharis canadensis Coontail Ceratophyllum demersum False Loosestrife Ludwigia palustris var. americana Pondweeds Potamogeton spp. Yellow Spatterdock Nuphar spp. Water Buttercup Ranunculus spp. Water-milfoil Myriophyllum alterniflorum Water weed Elodea canadensis White water lily Nymphaea odorata Wild celery or Tape grass Vallisneria americana Arrowheads Sagittaria latifolia; Sagittaria graminea;
Sagittaria rigida; and 13 other species Broad-leaved Cattail Typha latifolia Buckbean Menyanthes trifoliata Burreed Sparganium Cranberry (acidic soils only) Vaccinium macrocarpon Large blue flag Iris versicolor Marsh Cinquefoil Potentilla palustris Pickerel weed Pontederia cordata Rush, Soft Juncus effusus Spikerush Eleocharis spp. Sweetflag Acorus calamus Three square Scirpus americanus Water Arum Calla palustris Water Plantain Alisma triviale Most of the following plants are happy with a
Spring flood time. Many of them will live in or out of water as long as
the soil does not dry out for any length of time. American Speedwell Veronica scutellata; Veronica anagallis-aquatica;
Veronica americana Arrow arum or Tuckahoe Peltandra virginica Beggarticks Bidens tripartita Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum Bur marigold Bidens laevis Canada Anemone Anemone canadensis Canada holly or Winterberry Ilex verticillata Canada lily Lilium canadensis Cardinal flower Lobelia cardinalis False dragon head Physostegia virginiana Flat topped Aster Aster umbellatus Fern, Cinnamon Osmunda cinnamonea Fern, Marsh Dryopteris thelypteris Fern, Ostrich Matteuccia strathiopteris Fern, Royal Osmunda regalis Gentian, bottled or closed Gentiana andrewsii Gentian, fringed Gentiana crinita Grass of Parnassus Parnassia glauca Great blue Lobelia Lobelia siphilitia Green dragon Arisaema dracontium Jack-in-the-pulpit Arisaema triphyllum Joe Pyeweed Eupatorium maculatum Marsh Marigold/Cowslip Caltha palustris Monkey Flower Mimulus ringens; Mimulus alatus Narrow-leaved Meadowsweet Spiraea alba Northern Bedstraw Galium boreale Panicgrass Panicum lanuginosum Primrose Primula mistassinica Reed Canary grass Phalaris arundinacea Sedges Cyperaceae family Skunk cabbage Symplocarpus foetidus Smartweed Polygonum spp. Stargrass Hypoxis hirsuta St. John's Wort Hypericum virginicum; Hypericum mutilum Swamp milkweed Asclepias incarnata Swamp rose mallow Hibiscus palustris Meadow-rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum Meadow-rue, Purple Thalictrum dasycarpum Turtle head Chelone glabra Violet, lance-leaved Viola lanceolata Water stargrass Heteranthera dubia Wild calla Calla palustris Yellow-eyed grasses Xyris spp. Yellow loosestrife Lysimachia terrestris Plants found in
or along the shorelines of wetlands Forest Regions G - Great Lakes
and St. Lawrence Valley D - Deciduous
Forest (carolinian Forest)
B - Boreal
Forest Soil types B - Broad range of tolerance
P - Peat Moisture A - All (wet, moist,
dry) M - Moist Wildlife B -
Butterflies Plants were only marked if they attracted
butterflies, hummingbirds and/or seed eating birds. It should be
remembered that all native species provide food/shelter for animals.
Anyone of the plants in the list would provide wildlife habitat.
COMMON NAME
SCIENTIFIC NAME
FOREST REGION
SOIL TYPES
MOISTURE WILDLIFE G D B B P C S L A M D W B S H Balsam fir Abies balsamea G S L M W Cedar, Eastern Red Juniperus virginiana G D C S M D S Cedar, White Thuja occidentalis G D B C S M S Eastern Hemlock Tsuga canadensis G D M W S Pine, Eastern White Pinus strobus G D B C S A S Pine, Red Pinus resinosa G S L M D Spruce, Black Picea mariana B A Spruce, White Picea glauca G D B C S L M D S Tamarack Larix laricina G D B A S COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME FOREST REGION SOIL TYPES MOISTURE WILDLIFE G D B B P C S L A M D W B S H Ash, American mountain Sorbus americana G D B M D S Ash, Black Fraxinus nigra G D A Ash, Green Fraxinus pennsylvanica G D B Aspen, Bigtooth Populus grandidentata Aspen, Trembling Populus tremuloides G D B Populus balsamifera G D B Populus deltoides G D B B Butternut Juglans cinerea G D B M D Cherry, Black Prunus serotina G D M D Chokecherry Prunus virginiana A S Cherry, Pincherry Prunus pensylvanica D M D B Crabapples Malus coronaria L M D Elm, Rock Ulmus thomasi G D L W Elm, Slippery Ulmus rubra G D Elm, White Ulmus americana G D L W Hackberry Celtis occidentalis G D B A Honey Locust Gleditsia triacanthos G Hop-Hornbeam Ostrya virginiana G D D Maple, Manitoba Acer negundo G B A M S Maple, Red Acer rubrum G D B S L M W Maple,
Silver
Acer saccharinum G D B M D Oak, Bur Quercus macrocarpa G D B B M D B Oak, Swamp White Quercus bicolor G D C S M W B Oak, White Quercus alba G D S L M B Red Mulberry Morus rubra D L M W Serviceberry, Alleghany Amelanchier laevis M D Serviceberry, Shadblow Amelanchier canadensis G B M W Serviceberry, Shadbush or Downy Amelanchier arborea G B M D Shagbark Hickory Carya ovata G D M D White Birch Betula papyrifera G D M S COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME FOREST REGION SOIL TYPES MOISTURE WILDLIFE G D B B P C S L A M D W B S H Alder Alnus rugosa G D B S American Yew Taxus canadensis G D B M D Black-fruited Choke-berry Aronia melanocarpa G B Black Raspberry Rubus occidentalis G D M D S Common Blackberry Rubus allegheniensis G D B B Common Elder Sambucus canadensis G D B A S Eastern Red Cedar Juniperus virginiana G D S D S Hawthorns Crataegus spp. G D B B A Hazelnut, American Corylus americana G D M Hazel, Beaked Corylus cornuta G D B M Nannyberry Viburnum lentago G D B B M D Ninebark Physocarpus opulifolius G D B B M D Red Osier
Dogwood
Cornus sericea (formerly C.
stolonifera) G D B B M W Rose, Pasture Rosa carolina G D D Rose, Prickly Rosa acicularis G B Rose, Smooth Rosa blanda G B B S Rose, Swamp Rosa palustris G W Sandbar Willow Salix exigua G D B M W B Southern Arrow-wood Viburnum dentatum D Staghorn Sumac Rhus typhina G D B M D S Winterberry Holly Ilex verticillata D M W COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME FOREST REGION SOIL TYPES MOISTURE WILDLIFE G D B B P C S L A M D W B S H Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi S D Bittersweet Celastrus scandens B M D Bristly Catbrier Smilax tamnoides G Button Bush Cephalanthus occidentalis M W Bunchberry Cornus canadensis M Partridgeberry Mitchella repens Riverbank Grape Vitis riparia Round-leaved Greenbrier Smilax rotundifolia D Trumpet Creeper Campsis radicans D C L M W H Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia B M D COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME FOREST REGION SOIL TYPES MOISTURE WILDLIFE G D B B P C S L A M D W B S H Asters Aster spp. G D B B M D B S Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa B M D B Black-Eyed Susans Rudbeckia hirta G D B M D B Blazing stars, Rough Liatris aspera M D B H Columbine Aquilegia canadensis M B H Common Thistle Cirsium spp. G D B B Coreopsis Coreopsis spp. B S Dogbane Apocynum spp. M D B Evening Primrose Oenothera biennis M D S Goldenrod Solidago spp. G D B B S B Lupine Lupinus perennis S M D B Phloxes Phlox spp. G D B L M B Scarlet Bee Balm Monarda didyma M W H Spotted Jewelweed Impatiens biflora M W H Sunflowers Helianthus spp. S L M D W S Verbena Verbena spp. S M D B Yarrow Achillea millefolium M D B
(Word 6.0/95/2000 DOC - 251kb).
Plants for ponds and wet
meadows
Deep water species (50-150 cm
deep)
Shallow water species (10-15
cm)
Herbaceous plants for wet
soil
LEGEND
C - Clay
S -
Sand
L - Loam
D - Dry
W - Wet
S - Seed-eating
birds
H - Hummingbirds
TREES:
Conifers
TREES: Broadleaf
Small trees and
shrubs
Vines and ground
covers
Herbaceous
plants