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CONIFEROUS TREES & SHRUBS

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COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME URBAN TOLERANCE SALT TOLERANCE SOIL CONDITIONS TOLERATED NATIVE HEIGHT SPREAD Cedar, Eastern Red Juniperus virginiana Moderate Moderate Deep, moist loam on well-drained subsoil Poor, gravelly, acid, high pH soils – prefers a sunny, airy location Native 45' / 13.5m 8-20' / 2.4-6m Cedar, Pyramid Thuja occidentalis 'fastigiate’ Moderate Moderate Fertile, moist, well-drained Partial shade   20’ / 6m   Cedar, White Thuja occidentalis Moderate Moderate Fertile, moist, well-drained Partial Shade, limestone soils, thrives in marshy loam Native 40-60 10-15 Falsecypress, Nootka / Alaska Cedar Chamaecyparis nootkatensis Tolerant Tolerant Rich, moist, well-drained Wet Native 30-45’ / 12’ / 3m Fir, Balsam Abies balsamea Very Sensitive Very Sensitive   Wet Native 45-60’ 20-25’ Larch / Tamarack Larix laricina Sensitive Sensitive Well-drained, acid, moist – sunny location Wet Does not tolerate shade Native 40-80’ 15-30’ Larch, Larch, European Larix decidua Sensitive Sensitive Moist, well-drained – sunny location Wet - Does not tolerate shade or   shallow, dry,  chalky soils   70-75’ 25-30’ Junipers Juniperus spp. Tolerant Moderate Light, sandy, low or high Ph, moderately moist Dry, clay soils -  some types will grow in sand       Juniper, 'Bar Harbour' Juniper, Bar Harbour                Juniperus horizontalis 'Bar Harbour’ Tolerant Moderate Native to sandy, rocky soils, exposed locations Adaptable – withstands hot, dry  situations and slightly alkaline soils Native 1 6-8 Juniper, 'Blue Chip' Juniperus horizontalis 'Blue chip' Tolerant Moderate Sandy, rocky soils Adaptable   10” .33m 6-8' Juniper, Savin' Juniperus sabina Tolerant Moderate Limestone soil, well-drained and dry soil, sunny location     4-6 5-12' Juniper,  Savin, 'Calgary Carpet' Juniperus sabina 'Calgary carpet' Tolerant Moderate Limestone soil, well-drained and dry soil, sunny location     18” 10-15' Juniper, Tamarix Juniperus sabina 'Tamariscifolia' Tolerant Moderate Limestone soil, well-drained and dry soil, sunny location     18” 10-15' Juniper,  'Mint Julep' Juniperus chinensis 'Mint Julep' Tolerant Moderate Moist, well-drained, pH adaptable, full sun Calcareous soils   50-60' 15-20' Juniper, Creeping Juniperus horizontalis Tolerant Moderate Sandy, rocky soils   Native 1-2' 4-8' Juniper, Blue Rug' Juniperus horizontalis 'Blue Rug' Tolerant Moderate Sandy, rocky soils, exposed locations         Juniper, 'Andorra' Juniperus horizontalis 'Plumosa' Tolerant Moderate Sandy, rocky soils, exposed locations         Juniper, 'Hetz Blue' Juniperus chinensis 'Hetzii' Tolerant Moderate Moist, well-drained, full sun, pH adaptable Calcareous soils   15' 15' Hemlock Tsuga canadensis Very Sensitive Very Sensitive Moist, well-drained, acid, rocky or sandy soils Shade Does not like poorly-drained, heavy soil, wind or drought Native 45-60' 20-25' Pine, Austrian Pinus Nigra 'Arnold' Tolerant Tolerant Most, moist Succeeds in fairly heavy clay,  and alkaline soils and resists heat and drought   50-60' 20-40' Pine, Jack Pinus banksiana Lamb. Very Tolerant Very Tolerant Full sun, dry, sandy and acid soils Grows in soils too poor for most plants Native 35-50 Spreading, spread less than height Pine, Mugho Pinus mugo Very Tolerant Very Tolerant Moist loam in sun or partial shade Very tolerant to calcareous soil   15-20' 25-30' Pine, Red Pinus resinosa Very Sensitive Very Sensitive Dry, acid, sandy or  gravelly soils – full sun   Dry Susceptible to strong winds, extremely cold-tolerant Native 50-80' Variable spread Pine, Swiss Stone Pinus cembra Sensitive Sensitive Well-drained, slightly acid,  loamy soil in full sun     30-40' 15-25' Pine, White Pinus strobus Sensitive Sensitive Fertile, moist, well-drained Rocky, wet Native 50-80' 20-40' Pine, Scots Pinus sylvestris Sensitive Sensitive Well-drained, acid, full sun Poor, dry  but well-drained   30-60' 30-40' Spruce, Bird's Nest Picea abies nidiformis Tolerant Tolerant Moderately moist, sandy, acid soils     3-6' Spreading Spruce, Colorado Blue Picea Pungens Glauca Tolerant Tolerant Rich, moist, full sun Adaptable, more drought-tolerant than other Picea   90-135' 20-30' Spruce, Colorado Picea Pungens Tolerant Tolerant Rich, moist, full sun Adaptable, more drought-tolerant than other Picea   90-135' 20-30' Spruce, Norway Picea abies Sensitive Sensitive Moderately moist, sandy, acid soils Adaptable as long as the soil is sufficiently moist   40-60' 25-30' Spruce, Serbian Picea omorika Moderate Moderate Deep, rich, moist, well-drained, grows on limestone and heavy peats Adaptable – likes a dry atmosphere and partial shade   50-60' 20-25' Spruce, White Picea Glauca Sensitive Sensitive Moist loam, best in full sun but tolerant of some shade Withstands wind, heat, cold, drought and crowding Native 40-60' 10-20' Yew Taxus canadensis Tolerant Very Sensitive Moist, sandy loam – must be well-drained, shade or sun   Native 10-40' Equal or greater spread [ Back to top ]